> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://experience-digital-transform.gitbook.io/experience-digital-transformation/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://experience-digital-transform.gitbook.io/experience-digital-transformation/cloud-for-dpi/chapter-2/four-distinctions-to-keep-in-view.md).

# Four distinctions to keep in view

**Cloud is an operating environment, not a public service.** Cloud provides technical capacity and managed capabilities. The public service is the journey that residents, businesses or staff must be able to complete. An environment can be available while a service remains unusable because identity, data or an external connection has failed.

**IaaS is a foundation, not an application platform.** IaaS provides controlled compute, storage, networking and identity boundaries. A platform uses those conditions to give application teams a more consistent way to run and connect their components. A team can use IaaS without a shared container platform, and it can use a platform that hides some IaaS detail. The layers still depend on one another.

**A container is a package, not a recovery answer.** Containers make it easier to run and replace application components consistently. They do not restore records, repair identity relationships or decide whether users can safely continue a public process. Kubernetes helps coordinate containers, but it cannot provide capacity, data integrity or public accountability by itself.

**A shared capability is useful only when its dependencies are understood.** Identity, notification, payment and data exchange can save many teams from rebuilding the same function. They also connect the reliability of several services. The question is not whether sharing is good or bad. It is whether the organisation understands the common dependency, knows who operates it and has credible arrangements when it fails.

A dependable cloud environment is a set of connected conditions that let public services operate, change and recover while keeping sight of the people who depend on them.


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